Prototipagem virtual de uma bateria gravitacional: desenvolvimento e validação de uma prova de conceito

Abstract

The virtual prototyping of mechanical systems, such as a gravitational battery, emer ges as a promising approach for the development and optimization of energy storage mechanisms. This study focused on developing a virtual prototype of a battery, targe ting specific and limited applications compared to larger-scale, industrially-produced versions. The main objective was to adapt existing theory to create a prototype capa ble of storing approximately 10 kWh, for use in autonomous systems. The development process followed three main stages: the definition of the conceptual design, the assign ment of mechanical behaviors to components, and the execution of virtual prototyping, including three-dimensional modeling and structural resistance simulations. The pro posed system is based on the use of gravitational potential energy, with an emphasis on raising and lowering a ballast to generate electricity. Parameters such as height and mass were considered, which define the battery’s storage capacity. Computati onal simulation played a fundamental role, using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method to evaluate mechanical stresses on different components, such as the spool and pulleys. Various parts were modeled to compose the structure, totaling 91,860.34 kg of metal framework. During the project development, 12 computational simulation tests were conducted to assess the system’s behavior under applied loads. The simu lation results indicated that the modeled parts withstood the loads with a safety factor within the stipulated limits, ensuring the structural integrity and reliability of the system. Additionally, the assembly of the battery’s structural system was completed without in terference between the solids, ensuring a proper fit of the components. The designed battery has a storage capacity of 10,86 kWh, meeting the energy requirements defi ned for the project. Despite the advances achieved with virtual prototyping, the study reveals limitations regarding the translation of the virtual model into a physical pro totype. Logistical, manufacturing, and energy efficiency issues need further evaluation, as well as costs and environmental impacts. This study serves as a foundation for fu ture developments aimed at validating and enhancing the proposed system, enabling its practical application on a larger scale, especially in off-grid contexts. Keywords: gravitational battery; energy; FEA; virtual prototype