Análise comparativa de dificuldades na prática de execução de estaca metálica e estaca hélice contínua: estudo de caso de obras na cidade de Salvador-Ba

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to investigate the technical and practical challenges encountered in the construction of deep foundations using steel piles and helixes in urban areas with complex geological characteristics, such as the city of Salvador . The research sought to identify the main obstacles faced during the installation of these foundations, considering soil variability , urban restrictions and the need to optimize construction processes. Through an in-depth analysis of these challenges, the study proposed technical and practical solutions to ensure the safety and durability of buildings and the optimization of construction processes, contributing to the improvement of foundation engineering practices in urban areas with similar characteristics. The methodology adopted for this work consisted of a case study that analyzed two civil construction projects in Salvador , with different geological characteristics, focusing on the construction of pile foundations. Questionnaires were applied to the professionals involved, such as engineers, technicians and workers, to identify the main practical difficulties faced in each foundation method, enabling a detailed view of the challenges encountered during the construction of steel piles and helixes. The research revealed aspects such as soil variability , which made it difficult to install piles, requiring adjustments to the construction methods, in addition to urban restrictions, such as limited access to areas where heavy equipment is difficult to mobilize. These factors had a direct impact on the schedule and costs of the works, since the adaptation of the methods generated increases in the execution time and the need for additional resources. The analysis of the collected data allowed the identification of practical solutions adopted by professionals to mitigate these challenges, such as the use of smaller equipment or more efficient drilling technologies, in addition to proposing improvements in construction processes to optimize foundations in complex urban environments. These results contributed to the improvement of foundation execution techniques in areas with similar geotechnical and urban characteristics, offering a solid basis for the implementation of safer and more efficient practices in the civil construction sector