Avaliação da influência do vento na estabilidade estrutural da cobertura metálica de uma edificação na cidade de Jequié

Abstract

The advantages of using steel in civil construction, such as reduced construction time and material optimization, have led to the widespread adoption of metal structures in buildings. However, it is crucial to consider the influence of wind from the early sta ges of the project to ensure durability and safety. The Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 6123:2023 offers recommendations for considering the effects of wind, suggesting the use of wind tunnel tests. Although the results of these tests are considered accurate, wind tunnels require significant investments and application time. To overcome these barriers, the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) becomes feasible for analyzing the influence of wind on metal structures. Thus, the present work aims to evaluate the influence of wind on the structural stability and safety of the metal roof of a building using CFD to assess the behavior of metal structures under different wind intensities. In this context, the experimental quantitative research methodology was employed with the aid of SolidWorks software to perform simulations of the metal roof of the Serviço Social da Indústria (SESI) building in the city of Jequié-BA, to evaluate the structural response under two different wind conditions. The first considered the wind speed as established by the NBR 6123:2023 standard, with an average of 30 m/s for the region of the building under study. The second was based on the local wind speed, estimated at 10 m/s by CTPEC (Weather Forecast and Climatic Studies Center), to verify the performance of the structure under typical conditions. It was found, through simulation, that the metal structure in question demonstrates effective resistance to the typical winds in Jequié-BA, making it a safe choice. Similarly, the application of the NBR 6123:2023 standard proved valid, as the structure withstood the wind speed stipulated by the isopleth map. There fore, the use of CFD simulation validates the safety of the metal structure according to the NBR 6123:2023 standard, demonstrating its resistance to normal winds and confirming its suitability for civil construction. Furthermore, the satisfactory results of the simulations suggest that wind tunnel tests can be avoided, offering a more economical and efficient solution. Keywords: CFD; Metal Structures; Buildings; Safety; Structural Resistance.