Determinação da áreas potenciais para instalação de um aterro sanitário no município de de Guanambi-BA

Abstract

The final disposal of solid waste is a challenge faced by several Brazilian municipalities. Although open dumps and controlled landfills should have already been eliminated, the reality is that they are still present in many municipalities. Improper disposal causes environmental damage and various social and health problems. The environmentally appropriate solution prescribed by legislation is the final disposal in sanitary landfills. This study sought, through geoprocessing tools and techniques, based on current laws and technical standards, to establish restricted areas and those with the greatest potential for the installation of a sanitary landfill in the municipality of Guanambi – BA. The Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT), especially NBR13897/96, grounds this work, as well as Resolution 004/1995 of the National Environment Council (CONAMA) and criteria used in similar studies. Implementation restrictions presented by these standards were used to define areas where a landfill cannot be built. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used to determine the region with the greatest potential for the installation of the sanitary landfill by defining the weights of the criteria used. It was possible to verify that 75% of the territory is restricted to the installation of a landfill. Additionally, it was possible to identify regions that have the highest set of requirements favorable to the installation of the sanitary landfill.