Metodologias de avaliação de investimento como suporte à decisão ex-ante e ex-post no desenvolvimento de patentes em ICTs públicas brasileiras: um estudo sobre a perspectiva da redução de risco de stranded patents

Abstract

The objective of this research was to study the potential of economic-financial evaluation methodologies to support ex-ante and ex-post decisions, linked to investments in patent development, aiming to reduce or mitigate the risk of stranded patents. To this end, the methodology adopted was exploratory, of a bibliographic and documentary nature, whose data collected were from secondary sources. Furthermore, as a proof of concept, we sought, through the illustrative case of IF Baiano, to demonstrate how economic-financial evaluation methodologies could be useful in decision-making to evaluate the results of inventions, as well as in prioritization and choices of projects to allocate resources aimed at scientific and technological development. The results showed that, although economic-financial investment evaluation methodologies are widely known in the market by companies, the same cannot be said about their use by public ICT managers in the economic-financial evaluation of innovation projects, because, not only from the research analyzed but also in the illustrative case, there is no evidence of its use to evaluate investments in innovation by institutions. It was found that economic-financial investment evaluation methodologies have the potential to contribute, within the scope of public ICTs, such as IF Baiano, to reduce the risks of stranded patents. Finally, it is concluded that if used, in a systematic way, in the different phases of technological development, whether before the conception of the idea, during technological development or after deposit, the methodologies allow generating quantitative indicators that can help managers of these institutions to define criteria that help them prioritize technological development projects, and, consequently, allocate resources to projects considered strategic for the institution; that reduce the risks of resource accumulation in projects that cannot be transferred to the market; and that scarce public resources are not allocated to projects whose results do not reach society, even though it is known that not all research has the objective of generating technological products.