Gestão de resíduos sólidos e enfrentamento das arboviroses em Porto Seguro - BA: elementos para uma formação em educação ambiental de agentes de saúde

Abstract

Factors such as disorganization of cities, weakness in basic sanitation, deficiency in waste management, are favorable to the proliferation of diseases such as dengue, zika and chikungunya. The Aedes aegypti mosquito, the main vector of arboviruses, easily finds favorable conditions for its development, in solid urban waste (MSW), in this sense, the proper management of this waste becomes essential, as determined by the National Solid Waste Policy. In Porto Seguro, although measures related to the MSW management process are included in the Municipal Plan for Integrated Solid Waste Management (PMGIRS), the current reality is weakened, and the vector of arboviruses has found favorable places for proliferation. Data from the 2019 Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), reveal that, in the last 10 years, there has been a decline in the number of dengue cases in Porto Seguro, however, approximately eight thousand cases (7,737) have been confirmed and of these, 9 evolved to death. The present study aims to analyze the PMGIRS of Porto Seguro - BA, the relationship between arboviruses and MSW, identifying their impacts and proposing training actions to Community Health Agents (ACS) and Agents to Combat Endemics (ACE) , as an intervention measure based on the application of related local and national legislation. It is a case study, in which the epidemiological data of the Porto Seguro arboviruses, from 2009 to 2018, consolidated in SINAN, were analyzed. It was found that despite the important decline in cases and deaths from dengue in Porto Seguro, which highlights the existence of relevant actions developed by the health sector, other interventions need to be implemented, making the performance of other sectors and the community indispensable, in order that proper waste management meets legal requirements. Based on the scenario of the management of MSW and the epidemiological of arboviruses in the municipality, it is expected to contribute with a proposal to train ACS and ACE in Environmental Education, in view of their relevance for carrying out adequate management of MSW and their relationship with arboviruses. , and based on this knowledge, EA is inserted in the work process of these agents, who in turn will disseminate guidance in communities on the importance of awareness, changes in habits and values aimed at the proper management of MSW as a tool capable of contributing to environmental preservation and quality of life for the population