Modelo dinâmico da emissão de metano e estimativa de geração de resíduos sólidos orgânicos urbanos de Porto Seguro – BA

Abstract

Nowadays one of the main problems that negatively impacts the world in which we live is solid waste, especially when its decomposition occurs without proper treatment, producing, among other things, the biogas that contains methane gas in its composition (CH4) which is one of the main greenhouse gases. This problem has arisen due to population growth that has caused an increase in the generation of solid waste (RS) and problems on its proper management, especially in developing countries. Based on this problem, this paper aimed to propose the elaboration and validation of a dynamic model to estimate the emission of methane gas and by applying this model to predict methane emissions for the next twenty years in the city of Porto Seguro - BA. The data used to feed the model was obtained through the gravimetric characterization of the SR from three representative collection sectors produced in the municipality. These data contributed to the definition of parameters for the elaboration and analysis of the dynamic model. The results indicated that the proposed model presented an excellent adjustment validation to estimate the population and waste production and the estimate of methane production and energy production obtained an optimal adjustment, the study also indicated through the gravimetric analysis of the deposited waste a predominance 44.51% organic matter, very important for methane production, applying the proposed model for the municipality of Porto Seguro in a 20-year forecast, the following results were obtained, the modeling indicated an increase in the daily production of 43.69% waste compared to the current 150 t / day, it also predicted a methane emission of 176,569,297.57 m³ / CH4 for 2039, which would generate interesting returns with the commercialization and / or use of gas and the sale of carbon credits generated, the study provides a moldable model to different needs in addition to collaborating with a better understanding of the pollution generated by organic waste and with the execution of social and environmental public policies in a more efficient way, as well as better management and more profitable and viable execution for the municipality