Estratégias de projeto para melhores desempenhos ambientais nos espaços de ensino: estudo de caso na UFSB em Porto Seguro, BA

Abstract

The way human interventions are performed in the physical environment generate social, environmental, economic and ecosystem impacts, abbreviated in this research as “integrated impacts” that can be negative or positive. While impacts can aggravate resource scarcity on the one hand, they can mitigate various risks, positively contributing to species survival, improvements in quality of life, use of renewable resources, and other positive outcomes. Urban Architects, designers and managers are city development actors and act with responsibilities commensurate with the impacts generated at the intervention sites. The Higher Education Institution has high potential to transform the reality of the physical environment, because by becoming a good example, it can infect people and form multipliers agents of good practices that improve environmental performances in the places where they live. This potential educator can be directed to Sustainability, a challenge that motivated the research focusing on the themes of Ecoefficiency and Bioclimatology applied to Architecture and Urbanism. It was chosen as object of study the Campus of the Federal University of Southern Bahia in Porto Seguro. The research was structured based on the Low Impact Good Practice Technical Literature Review and the Exploratory Research that involves field visits and interviews at national and international universities to experience practices with high environmental performance, including project strategies applied at the University of São Paulo at Freie Universität Berlin and projects developed at German technology universities such as the Waldorf School Uhlandshöhe - Zero Energy School, presented at the Technological University of Munich and the Ventilation System developed at the Braunschweig Technological University. As a result, guidelines, project strategies and actions that can direct project development to improve environmental performance of teaching spaces and their headquarters are recommended. Through example pedagogy, it is feasible to reduce integrated impacts by developing projects and actions that sensitize campus users to adopt conscious consumption practices. One of the University's missions can be to bring Sustainability society closer, being a good example, exercising its educating role, spreading students, staff and visitors who can replicate actions, reducing negative impacts wherever they go. Experiencing good practices in the teaching space contributes to making it a Sustainability Laboratory, where environmental actions and technologies aimed at the renewal of natural resources are developed.